The pH scale measures acidity and alkalinity from 0 to 14. pH = -log10[H+], where [H+] is hydrogen ion concentration in mol/L.
Neutral, Acidic, Basic
pH 7 is neutral (pure water at 25C). Below 7 is acidic; above 7 is basic. Each unit represents a tenfold change in H+ concentration.
Calculate pH
Given [H+] = 1e-3 M, pH = 3. Use our pH Calculator for any concentration.
Real Applications
Pool maintenance, soil testing, blood analysis, and food preservation all rely on pH measurements.
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